///////    JavaSystem.java    ///////
import java.io.*;

/** 
 *  System-wide utility.
 *  @author Paul S. Wang
 */

public final class JavaSystem
{  
   /**
    *  convenient error display method.
    *    outputs to standard err
    */
   public static void error(Exception e)
   {   err.println(e.getMessage());
       e.printStackTrace(err);
   }

   /**
    *  character-based standard in, out, and err.
    */
   public final static BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader
	       (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
   public final static PrintWriter out= new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter
               (new OutputStreamWriter(System.out)), true);
   public final static PrintWriter err =
      new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.err), true);
}